Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 900
https://doi.org/10.69639/arandu.v12i3.1353
Impact of ChatGPT’s Conversational Features on EFL
Learners’ English-Speaking Proficiency in Latin America: A
Literature Review
El Impacto de las Capacidades Conversacionales de ChatGPT en la Habilidad Oral de
Estudiantes EFL en Latinoamérica: Una Revisión de Literatura
Franklin Absalon Mora Preciado
franklinmora942@gmail.com
famorap@ube.edu.ec
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6988-2845
Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador
Ecuador
Frelly María Molina Pinargote
frellymolinapinargote@gmail.com
fmmolinap@ube.edu.ec
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2686-4497
Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador
Ecuador
Artículo recibido: 18 junio 2025 - Aceptado para publicación: 28 julio 2025
Conflictos de intereses: Ninguno que declarar
ABSTRACT
This article aims to shed light on how the conversation features of ChatGPT can help improve
and reach an independent English-speaking level according to the guidelines of the Common
European Framework of Reference on English for the Languages as a Foreign Language
learners in Latin America. The methodology in this study was conducted by searching academic
databases, such as, Redalyc, Scopus, Scielo, and Google Scholar, then searched using keywords
such as: “ChatGPT”, “English as a Foreign Language speaking skills”, “English language
learning”, and “Latin America”. Additionally, articles published between the years 2024 and
2025 were selected to support this review. Furthermore, this research indicates how the
conversation features of ChatGPT can benefit students and teachers by using ChatGPT as a
supplementary tool in overpopulated classrooms. Also, one significant attribute of ChatGPT is
that it can maintain a human-like conversation in any of the six levels of English. Moreover, this
article reflects on how factors that hinders the English-speaking learning can be overcome.
Finally, an ethical recommendation is given in the appropriate use of ChatGPT or any AI tool.
Keywords: chatgpt, english as a foreign language, speaking skills, latin america, ai in
education
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 901
RESUMEN
Este artículo tiene como objetivo esclarecer cómo las funciones conversacionales de ChatGPT
pueden ayudar a mejorar y alcanzar un nivel independiente de habla inglesa, de acuerdo con las
directrices del Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas para los estudiantes de
inglés como lengua extranjera en América Latina. La metodología de este estudio se llevó a
cabo mediante la búsqueda en bases de datos académicas, tales como Redalyc, Scopus, Scielo y
Google Scholar, utilizando palabras clave como: “ChatGPT”, “habilidades orales en inglés
como lengua extranjera”, “aprendizaje del idioma inglés” y “América Latina”. Además, se
seleccionaron artículos publicados entre los años 2024 y 2025 para respaldar esta revisión.
Asimismo, esta investigación señala cómo las funciones conversacionales de ChatGPT pueden
beneficiar a estudiantes y docentes, utilizándolo como una herramienta complementaria en aulas
sobrepobladas. También, una característica destacada de ChatGPT es su capacidad para
mantener una conversación similar a la humana en cualquiera de los seis niveles de inglés. Por
otra parte, este artículo reflexiona sobre cómo se pueden superar los factores que dificultan el
aprendizaje de la expresión oral en inglés. Finalmente, se ofrece una recomendación ética sobre
el uso adecuado de ChatGPT o cualquier herramienta de inteligencia artificial.
Palabras clave: chatgpt, habilidades orales, inglés como lengua extranjera, américa
latina, ia en educación
Todo el contenido de la Revista Científica Internacional Arandu UTIC publicado en este sitio está disponible bajo
licencia Creative Commons Atribution 4.0 International.
RESUMEN
Este artículo tiene como objetivo esclarecer cómo las funciones conversacionales de ChatGPT
pueden ayudar a mejorar y alcanzar un nivel independiente de habla inglesa, de acuerdo con las
directrices del Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas para los estudiantes de
inglés como lengua extranjera en América Latina. La metodología de este estudio se llevó a
cabo mediante la búsqueda en bases de datos académicas, tales como Redalyc, Scopus, Scielo y
Google Scholar, utilizando palabras clave como: “ChatGPT”, “habilidades orales en inglés
como lengua extranjera”, “aprendizaje del idioma inglés” y “América Latina”. Además, se
seleccionaron artículos publicados entre los años 2024 y 2025 para respaldar esta revisión.
Asimismo, esta investigación señala cómo las funciones conversacionales de ChatGPT pueden
beneficiar a estudiantes y docentes, utilizándolo como una herramienta complementaria en aulas
sobrepobladas. También, una característica destacada de ChatGPT es su capacidad para
mantener una conversación similar a la humana en cualquiera de los seis niveles de inglés. Por
otra parte, este artículo reflexiona sobre cómo se pueden superar los factores que dificultan el
aprendizaje de la expresión oral en inglés. Finalmente, se ofrece una recomendación ética sobre
el uso adecuado de ChatGPT o cualquier herramienta de inteligencia artificial.
Palabras clave: chatgpt, habilidades orales, inglés como lengua extranjera, américa
latina, ia en educación
Todo el contenido de la Revista Científica Internacional Arandu UTIC publicado en este sitio está disponible bajo
licencia Creative Commons Atribution 4.0 International.
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 902
INTRODUCTION
English is the most used language worldwide in oral communication for educational and
business purposes, also, English language proficiency is an important tool in a growing and
interconnected world. UNESCO-IESALC (2025) states that Internationalization in universities
helps people from different countries work together, so it is important to communicate
excellently in different languages and understand cultures. Thus, it is paramount to master an
independent level of English speaking, namely B2 level as The Common European Framework
of Reference indicates that B2 is considered an independent level of the six levels A1, A2, B1,
B2, C1, and C2. Furthermore, Latin American English as a Foreign Language students need to
master an independent level of English speaking due to the world’s growing digital
connectedness.
English-speaking skill has been thoroughly studied in the context of EFL, and it is often
considered a critical skill among the four macro skills (listening, speaking, reading, and
writing). According to Wenli Wang et al. (2024), fluency and accuracy are two key parts of
speaking skills. They help EFL learners share their ideas clearly, follow grammar rules, and
communicate better when they speak in academic or everyday situations. In Latin America,
speaking is particularly vital due to globalization, enabling effective communication in fields
like business and education.
Technology already has a key role in helping EFL students reach their learning goals. Yu
et al. (2024) explain that ChatGPT’s advanced conversational features help college students feel
satisfied with the app and stated that they would keep using it, also, students mentioned how
easy the app is to use and how usefulness it is in higher education. Additionally, Alshamy et al.
(2025) found that students and teachers had good opinions about using AI tools like ChatGPT
that can create answers, stories, and ideas, and they thought these tools were helpful and easy to
use for schoolwork like writing ideas, making assignments, and planning lessons. In addition to
this, it is worth mentioning that in Latin America, it is not easy to find native English speakers
that are willing to practice English speaking, for this reason, the use of AI tools like ChatGPT is
a practical way to exercise English speaking skills to help reach an independent level.
Many studies have explored the educational benefits of ChatGPT, particularly its features
on improving English speaking skills. As Lo et al. (2024) explain that ChatGPT first came out
in November 2022, and it has been used a great deal in EFL education because it can help
teachers and students with different learning and teaching tasks. Moreover, Polat et al. (2024)
conducted a bibliometric analysis on ChatGPT in education, and this study found a growing
quantity of articles that have been done on ChatGPT and its benefits in education. However, not
much research has been done about the capability that ChatGPT has in keeping a conversation
like a human at specific English levels like A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, or C2, based on the CEFR
INTRODUCTION
English is the most used language worldwide in oral communication for educational and
business purposes, also, English language proficiency is an important tool in a growing and
interconnected world. UNESCO-IESALC (2025) states that Internationalization in universities
helps people from different countries work together, so it is important to communicate
excellently in different languages and understand cultures. Thus, it is paramount to master an
independent level of English speaking, namely B2 level as The Common European Framework
of Reference indicates that B2 is considered an independent level of the six levels A1, A2, B1,
B2, C1, and C2. Furthermore, Latin American English as a Foreign Language students need to
master an independent level of English speaking due to the world’s growing digital
connectedness.
English-speaking skill has been thoroughly studied in the context of EFL, and it is often
considered a critical skill among the four macro skills (listening, speaking, reading, and
writing). According to Wenli Wang et al. (2024), fluency and accuracy are two key parts of
speaking skills. They help EFL learners share their ideas clearly, follow grammar rules, and
communicate better when they speak in academic or everyday situations. In Latin America,
speaking is particularly vital due to globalization, enabling effective communication in fields
like business and education.
Technology already has a key role in helping EFL students reach their learning goals. Yu
et al. (2024) explain that ChatGPT’s advanced conversational features help college students feel
satisfied with the app and stated that they would keep using it, also, students mentioned how
easy the app is to use and how usefulness it is in higher education. Additionally, Alshamy et al.
(2025) found that students and teachers had good opinions about using AI tools like ChatGPT
that can create answers, stories, and ideas, and they thought these tools were helpful and easy to
use for schoolwork like writing ideas, making assignments, and planning lessons. In addition to
this, it is worth mentioning that in Latin America, it is not easy to find native English speakers
that are willing to practice English speaking, for this reason, the use of AI tools like ChatGPT is
a practical way to exercise English speaking skills to help reach an independent level.
Many studies have explored the educational benefits of ChatGPT, particularly its features
on improving English speaking skills. As Lo et al. (2024) explain that ChatGPT first came out
in November 2022, and it has been used a great deal in EFL education because it can help
teachers and students with different learning and teaching tasks. Moreover, Polat et al. (2024)
conducted a bibliometric analysis on ChatGPT in education, and this study found a growing
quantity of articles that have been done on ChatGPT and its benefits in education. However, not
much research has been done about the capability that ChatGPT has in keeping a conversation
like a human at specific English levels like A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, or C2, based on the CEFR
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 903
scale. For this reason, more study needs to be carried out on the adaptability that ChatGPT has
on conversating on any of the six English levels and how these benefits and improve the
English-speaking skills in learners. Moreover, this is important for Latin America, where AI
tools can help students practice without the need to look for native speakers. Therefore, this
presents the opportunity for a study on how ChatGPT conversational features can be utilized to
help learners master one English speaking level at a time until they reach an independent level
(B2) in English speaking.
There are several factors that affect the learning or improvement of the English-speaking
skills in EFL learners throughout Latin America, factors such as teachers not being up to date in
knowledge on the use of technological tools, thus, leaving learners exposed to ‘traditional’
teaching methods. Akpen et al. (2024) conducted a systematic review of online learning studies
and found that poor teacher training with digital tools and weak technical support led to less
student engagement and lower learning satisfaction in online courses. Additionally, another
barrier that hinders students from learning or improving their speaking skills is the
socioeconomic barrier. As Terasawa (2024) states that students' social and economic
background can strongly make a negative difference in their ability to learn English, and people
from poorer families, most of the time, have fewer opportunities to practice and improve their
English, especially speaking skills. In addition to these, another factor that keeps learners from
improving their speaking is the lack of opportunities to practice with native speakers.
The main objective of this article is to share with teachers and students in Latin America
and the world about the adaptability and benefits of ChatGPT on the improvement of the
English-speaking skills, a second objective is to shed light on factors that hinder learners from
reaching an independent English-speaking level and how ChatGPT can assist in this task.
METHODOLOGY
Systematic Review Process
This literature review followed a systematic process to ensure the effective selection of
relevant and high-quality studies about ChatGPT’s benefits on English-speaking skills among
EFL learners in Latin America.
1. Database Search: Academic databases such as Redalyc, Scopus, Scielo, and Google
Scholar were used, keywords such as: “ChatGPT”, “EFL speaking skills”, “English
language learning”, and “Latin America” were typed to find potential useful articles.
2. Time Frame: Articles published between the years 2024 and 2025 were considered to
add freshness to the information and because ChatGPT is a relatively new AI tool.
3. Initial Screening: From an initial number of 60 articles identified based on title and
abstract, 50 were selected for full-text review.
4. Selection Criteria: Articles were selected according to the following criteria:
scale. For this reason, more study needs to be carried out on the adaptability that ChatGPT has
on conversating on any of the six English levels and how these benefits and improve the
English-speaking skills in learners. Moreover, this is important for Latin America, where AI
tools can help students practice without the need to look for native speakers. Therefore, this
presents the opportunity for a study on how ChatGPT conversational features can be utilized to
help learners master one English speaking level at a time until they reach an independent level
(B2) in English speaking.
There are several factors that affect the learning or improvement of the English-speaking
skills in EFL learners throughout Latin America, factors such as teachers not being up to date in
knowledge on the use of technological tools, thus, leaving learners exposed to ‘traditional’
teaching methods. Akpen et al. (2024) conducted a systematic review of online learning studies
and found that poor teacher training with digital tools and weak technical support led to less
student engagement and lower learning satisfaction in online courses. Additionally, another
barrier that hinders students from learning or improving their speaking skills is the
socioeconomic barrier. As Terasawa (2024) states that students' social and economic
background can strongly make a negative difference in their ability to learn English, and people
from poorer families, most of the time, have fewer opportunities to practice and improve their
English, especially speaking skills. In addition to these, another factor that keeps learners from
improving their speaking is the lack of opportunities to practice with native speakers.
The main objective of this article is to share with teachers and students in Latin America
and the world about the adaptability and benefits of ChatGPT on the improvement of the
English-speaking skills, a second objective is to shed light on factors that hinder learners from
reaching an independent English-speaking level and how ChatGPT can assist in this task.
METHODOLOGY
Systematic Review Process
This literature review followed a systematic process to ensure the effective selection of
relevant and high-quality studies about ChatGPT’s benefits on English-speaking skills among
EFL learners in Latin America.
1. Database Search: Academic databases such as Redalyc, Scopus, Scielo, and Google
Scholar were used, keywords such as: “ChatGPT”, “EFL speaking skills”, “English
language learning”, and “Latin America” were typed to find potential useful articles.
2. Time Frame: Articles published between the years 2024 and 2025 were considered to
add freshness to the information and because ChatGPT is a relatively new AI tool.
3. Initial Screening: From an initial number of 60 articles identified based on title and
abstract, 50 were selected for full-text review.
4. Selection Criteria: Articles were selected according to the following criteria:
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 904
• Articles that are Peer-reviewed and published in indexed journals.
• Articles that are open access and not paywalled.
• Articles about ChatGPT or AI tools in the improvement of English-speaking skills.
• Articles that discussed barriers that hinders the English-speaking improvement in Latin
America.
• Articles that can be applied to Latin American contexts, either directly or through
findings that can be applied to Latin America.
5. Analytical Approach: 26 articles were selected and reviewed and were grouped based
on similar ideas and patterns, these ideas and patterns included aspects like the benefits of
ChatGPT’s conversational features, challenges with technology, teacher preparation, and
social or economic obstacles in EFL learners; articles about these ideas were selected to
give the readers of this article a clear understanding of how ChatGPT is helping students
improve their speaking skills in EFL classrooms across Latin America, as well as what
could hinder this process.
6. Rationale for Criteria: The focus on recent, peer-reviewed research makes certain the
inclusion of up-to-date articles, this is relevant considering that ChatGPT is a relatively
new AI tool. In addition to this, selecting articles that can be applied to Latin America
was paramount to cover issues like the educational and socioeconomic realities of the
region, this careful selection provides strong foundation for discussing ChatGPT’s role
and challenges in improving English speaking skills in Latin America.
Analysis and Synthesis
This section intends to shed light on key topics related to the development and
improvement of speaking skills in EFL learners through the implementation of ChatGPT as an
AI conversational tool in Latin America and the EFL world; also, this section will examine the
following aspects: Speaking Skills in EFL Education, ChatGPT’s History and Features,
Benefits of ChatGPT for EFL Speaking, Practical Integration of ChatGPT in EFL Classrooms,
and Challenges in EFL Speaking Development, Ethical and Cultural Considerations.
Speaking Skills in EFL Education
To speak English in a way that a person can convey understandable ideas is a key goal
for EFL learners because speaking is a useful skill in education, work, and social life.
UNESCO-IESALC (2025) states that internationalization in education helps people from
different countries work together, then, it is important to communicate well in different
languages and understand different cultures. This evidences why speaking English
independently is indispensable in Latin America, where digital globalization makes
communication skills a must where students need to speak clearly and correctly when sharing
ideas. Also, Mingyan et al. (2025) found that using an AI-powered mobile app helped EFL
learners improve their speaking skills, especially fluency and pronunciation, making learners
• Articles that are Peer-reviewed and published in indexed journals.
• Articles that are open access and not paywalled.
• Articles about ChatGPT or AI tools in the improvement of English-speaking skills.
• Articles that discussed barriers that hinders the English-speaking improvement in Latin
America.
• Articles that can be applied to Latin American contexts, either directly or through
findings that can be applied to Latin America.
5. Analytical Approach: 26 articles were selected and reviewed and were grouped based
on similar ideas and patterns, these ideas and patterns included aspects like the benefits of
ChatGPT’s conversational features, challenges with technology, teacher preparation, and
social or economic obstacles in EFL learners; articles about these ideas were selected to
give the readers of this article a clear understanding of how ChatGPT is helping students
improve their speaking skills in EFL classrooms across Latin America, as well as what
could hinder this process.
6. Rationale for Criteria: The focus on recent, peer-reviewed research makes certain the
inclusion of up-to-date articles, this is relevant considering that ChatGPT is a relatively
new AI tool. In addition to this, selecting articles that can be applied to Latin America
was paramount to cover issues like the educational and socioeconomic realities of the
region, this careful selection provides strong foundation for discussing ChatGPT’s role
and challenges in improving English speaking skills in Latin America.
Analysis and Synthesis
This section intends to shed light on key topics related to the development and
improvement of speaking skills in EFL learners through the implementation of ChatGPT as an
AI conversational tool in Latin America and the EFL world; also, this section will examine the
following aspects: Speaking Skills in EFL Education, ChatGPT’s History and Features,
Benefits of ChatGPT for EFL Speaking, Practical Integration of ChatGPT in EFL Classrooms,
and Challenges in EFL Speaking Development, Ethical and Cultural Considerations.
Speaking Skills in EFL Education
To speak English in a way that a person can convey understandable ideas is a key goal
for EFL learners because speaking is a useful skill in education, work, and social life.
UNESCO-IESALC (2025) states that internationalization in education helps people from
different countries work together, then, it is important to communicate well in different
languages and understand different cultures. This evidences why speaking English
independently is indispensable in Latin America, where digital globalization makes
communication skills a must where students need to speak clearly and correctly when sharing
ideas. Also, Mingyan et al. (2025) found that using an AI-powered mobile app helped EFL
learners improve their speaking skills, especially fluency and pronunciation, making learners
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 905
more confident and better at speaking English after practicing with the app. Using an AI tool
like ChatGPT to practice English speaking skills help students overcome the fear of talking in
front of crowds, fear due to embarrassment of making mistakes, students can use ChatGPT to
improve speaking until they feel confident until they feel comfortable speaking in public.
English speaking opens doors for better opportunities in the academic, professional, and
day to day life. Arroba et al. (2025) explain that good English skills help students join
international exchange programs, making it easier for them to study abroad and that English is
important because many universities teach in English and offer programs in this language. In
addition to this, English learning is important for jobs and education in the region. Thus,
independent, and proficient English speaking is essential for EFL students’ success.
Synthesis
As is evident from the analysis above, English speaking skills are indispensable in
today’s technologically and digitally interconnected world due to the demands from the
academic, business, and social world, in addition to this, English speaking skills benefits
learners who can speak it independently, that is, learners who master a B2 English speaking
level, B2 English level is considered an independent level by the standards of The Common
European Framework of Reference CEFR.
RESULTS
ChatGPT’s History and Features
ChatGPT was created by Open AI, it is a relatively new AI tool that came out in
November of 2022, also, it is an AI tool that can be implemented in the educational field to help
EFL students practice and improve all the four English macro skills due to its innovating
conversational feature that can listen to humans, recognize what they say and answer
immediately in an intelligent manner as if were a real person. Lo et al. (2024) explain that
ChatGPT first came out in November 2022, and it has been used a great deal in EFL education
because it can help teachers and students with different learning and teaching tasks. This shows
how fast ChatGPT has become popular in education. Polat et al. (2024) conducted a
bibliometric analysis on ChatGPT in education, and this study found the growing quantity of
articles that have been conducted on the study of ChatGPT and its benefits in education. This
indicates that many researchers are looking into how ChatGPT works for learning and teaching
English.
ChatGPT uses advanced technology that makes it talk like a real person, it can answer
questions because when it was created, it was fed a huge amount of information and it keeps on
being fed information every minute, this information enables ChatGPT to perform from easy
tasks like answering a greeting or to help a student improve the English-speaking skills. Yu et
al. (2024) state that ChatGPT’s advanced conversation features can help answer difficult
more confident and better at speaking English after practicing with the app. Using an AI tool
like ChatGPT to practice English speaking skills help students overcome the fear of talking in
front of crowds, fear due to embarrassment of making mistakes, students can use ChatGPT to
improve speaking until they feel confident until they feel comfortable speaking in public.
English speaking opens doors for better opportunities in the academic, professional, and
day to day life. Arroba et al. (2025) explain that good English skills help students join
international exchange programs, making it easier for them to study abroad and that English is
important because many universities teach in English and offer programs in this language. In
addition to this, English learning is important for jobs and education in the region. Thus,
independent, and proficient English speaking is essential for EFL students’ success.
Synthesis
As is evident from the analysis above, English speaking skills are indispensable in
today’s technologically and digitally interconnected world due to the demands from the
academic, business, and social world, in addition to this, English speaking skills benefits
learners who can speak it independently, that is, learners who master a B2 English speaking
level, B2 English level is considered an independent level by the standards of The Common
European Framework of Reference CEFR.
RESULTS
ChatGPT’s History and Features
ChatGPT was created by Open AI, it is a relatively new AI tool that came out in
November of 2022, also, it is an AI tool that can be implemented in the educational field to help
EFL students practice and improve all the four English macro skills due to its innovating
conversational feature that can listen to humans, recognize what they say and answer
immediately in an intelligent manner as if were a real person. Lo et al. (2024) explain that
ChatGPT first came out in November 2022, and it has been used a great deal in EFL education
because it can help teachers and students with different learning and teaching tasks. This shows
how fast ChatGPT has become popular in education. Polat et al. (2024) conducted a
bibliometric analysis on ChatGPT in education, and this study found the growing quantity of
articles that have been conducted on the study of ChatGPT and its benefits in education. This
indicates that many researchers are looking into how ChatGPT works for learning and teaching
English.
ChatGPT uses advanced technology that makes it talk like a real person, it can answer
questions because when it was created, it was fed a huge amount of information and it keeps on
being fed information every minute, this information enables ChatGPT to perform from easy
tasks like answering a greeting or to help a student improve the English-speaking skills. Yu et
al. (2024) state that ChatGPT’s advanced conversation features can help answer difficult
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 906
questions as a person would, which makes it a useful tool for all types of learning environments
and activities. In addition to this, Munaye et al. (2025) underscore that ChatGPT supports
education by giving students personal learning, it also helps teachers grade faster, and make
lessons more interesting, also, its features allow teachers safe time and focus more on students,
but schools must be careful about students cheating, and the safety of students’ personal
information. In addition to this, Pratiwi et al. (2024) suggest that while ChatGPT effectively
replaces traditional teaching methods by offering personalized and interactive practice, it
slightly misses some complex language nuances, even though it excels in real-time
conversations. This shows ChatGPT’s features are outstanding for conversation practices but
has small limits.
ChatGPT can adapt its answers to match a student’s English level, which helps
beginners and advanced learners, and its instant feedback corrects mistakes and suggests better
words, unlike books or recordings. Sidner et al. (2005) found that people feel more positive and
enjoy interacting more frequently when talking with machines that act like humans. This shows
ChatGPT’s features help learners feel encouraged during conversations.
Synthesis
ChatGPT has quickly become a popular tool in English language learning since its
inauguration in November, 30th, 2022 due to its features like its talking like a huma feature,
adaptability to students’ English-speaking levels, and instant feedback, additionally, ChatGPT
features enable it to understand not only semantics but also pragmatics, which makes it capable
to have a conversation like a human distinguishing in which level of English a person is
speaking.
Benefits of ChatGPT for EFL Speaking
ChatGPT offers many benefits for EFL students in Latin America to practice and
improve all the four macro skills, and this includes the speaking skills. Khan and Ann (2025)
state that ChatGPT’s influence in speaking skills supports interactive training and meaningful
language activities, scalable for large Latin American classrooms with limited teacher resources.
This is excellent news for many schools in Latin America that do not have enough teachers or
materials, also, teachers and students can take advantage of ChatGPT’s conversation features to
practice at home. Slamet (2024) indicates that ChatGPT gives students personalized feedback,
which help them in improving their fluency and pronunciation, especially in places where there
are few resources and limited teaching support available. This helps students learn one step at a
time at school and at home.
ChatGPT also makes students feel more confident. Elov et al. (2025) discovered that
when EFL students used AI speaking tests, they felt less shy and nervous, also, students enjoyed
more their speaking tasks with AI speaking tool and felt more confident and responsible with
their learning process. In the same way, Aldosari (2024) showed that using AI speaking
questions as a person would, which makes it a useful tool for all types of learning environments
and activities. In addition to this, Munaye et al. (2025) underscore that ChatGPT supports
education by giving students personal learning, it also helps teachers grade faster, and make
lessons more interesting, also, its features allow teachers safe time and focus more on students,
but schools must be careful about students cheating, and the safety of students’ personal
information. In addition to this, Pratiwi et al. (2024) suggest that while ChatGPT effectively
replaces traditional teaching methods by offering personalized and interactive practice, it
slightly misses some complex language nuances, even though it excels in real-time
conversations. This shows ChatGPT’s features are outstanding for conversation practices but
has small limits.
ChatGPT can adapt its answers to match a student’s English level, which helps
beginners and advanced learners, and its instant feedback corrects mistakes and suggests better
words, unlike books or recordings. Sidner et al. (2005) found that people feel more positive and
enjoy interacting more frequently when talking with machines that act like humans. This shows
ChatGPT’s features help learners feel encouraged during conversations.
Synthesis
ChatGPT has quickly become a popular tool in English language learning since its
inauguration in November, 30th, 2022 due to its features like its talking like a huma feature,
adaptability to students’ English-speaking levels, and instant feedback, additionally, ChatGPT
features enable it to understand not only semantics but also pragmatics, which makes it capable
to have a conversation like a human distinguishing in which level of English a person is
speaking.
Benefits of ChatGPT for EFL Speaking
ChatGPT offers many benefits for EFL students in Latin America to practice and
improve all the four macro skills, and this includes the speaking skills. Khan and Ann (2025)
state that ChatGPT’s influence in speaking skills supports interactive training and meaningful
language activities, scalable for large Latin American classrooms with limited teacher resources.
This is excellent news for many schools in Latin America that do not have enough teachers or
materials, also, teachers and students can take advantage of ChatGPT’s conversation features to
practice at home. Slamet (2024) indicates that ChatGPT gives students personalized feedback,
which help them in improving their fluency and pronunciation, especially in places where there
are few resources and limited teaching support available. This helps students learn one step at a
time at school and at home.
ChatGPT also makes students feel more confident. Elov et al. (2025) discovered that
when EFL students used AI speaking tests, they felt less shy and nervous, also, students enjoyed
more their speaking tasks with AI speaking tool and felt more confident and responsible with
their learning process. In the same way, Aldosari (2024) showed that using AI speaking
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 907
assistants helps EFL students enjoy learning, feel more confident, and reduce their anxiety due
to the fear of making mistakes during English conversations, these make students were willing
to communicate in English. In addition to these, Carrera et al. (2025) indicates that the voice of
ChatGPT reduces anxiety because students felt confident and without the feeling of being
judged for making mistakes, making it a valuable tool for speaking improvement in classrooms
with limited resources. Similarly, Celik et al. (2025) found that ChatGPT gives students useful
feedback that makes them feel confident, making them want to repeat English exercises, and by
adjusting lessons to their level, which improves their speaking skills. These benefits show
ChatGPT helps students feel better about speaking English because it can be used privately until
students reach a comfortable English level, also benefits students by eliminating the
embarrassment that might come with speaking in front of a regular classroom for fear of making
mistakes. Furthermore, these studies show that ChatGPT is a powerful, helpful tool that not only
helps students improve their English-speaking skills but also helps them overcome fear of
speaking English in public.
Synthesis
ChatGPT offers many benefits for EFL learners, particularly in improving English
speaking skills, it gives personalized feedback, and has the ability to reduce speaking anxiety
caused by stage fright and its voice features help students in Latin America reach an
independent English-speaking level, especially places where resources are limited but internet
service is needed. Wang and Fan (2025) found that EFL learners that use AI chatbots with
avatars that look like humans, showed more willingness and confidence to communicate while
experiencing less speaking anxiety, compared to those interacting only with teachers and
classmates.
Critical Reflection on Benefits and Limitations
ChatGPT helps students a great deal by being user friendly, by giving immediate
personal feedback, and by making learners feel less nervous when speaking English. However,
students could start to depend too much on ChatGPT and stop practicing with real people,
additionally, teachers should think about important ethical issues, like keeping student
information safe, also making sure that students do not use the tool to cheat “copy and paste’.
Even though ChatGPT is improving at understanding culture, it still has trouble recognizing
small cultural details, this can make it difficult for students to improve English speaking faster.
Practical Integration of ChatGPT in EFL Classrooms
To obtain the most out of ChatGPT for improving the English-speaking skills, teachers
and students need to use its features appropriately, however, using ChatGPT is an easy and
straightforward activity, the following benefits can be obtained from it:
1. Personalized chats: ChatGPT changes its style and level of conversation, depending on
the learner’s level and way of talking, which makes learners feel joyful because it makes
assistants helps EFL students enjoy learning, feel more confident, and reduce their anxiety due
to the fear of making mistakes during English conversations, these make students were willing
to communicate in English. In addition to these, Carrera et al. (2025) indicates that the voice of
ChatGPT reduces anxiety because students felt confident and without the feeling of being
judged for making mistakes, making it a valuable tool for speaking improvement in classrooms
with limited resources. Similarly, Celik et al. (2025) found that ChatGPT gives students useful
feedback that makes them feel confident, making them want to repeat English exercises, and by
adjusting lessons to their level, which improves their speaking skills. These benefits show
ChatGPT helps students feel better about speaking English because it can be used privately until
students reach a comfortable English level, also benefits students by eliminating the
embarrassment that might come with speaking in front of a regular classroom for fear of making
mistakes. Furthermore, these studies show that ChatGPT is a powerful, helpful tool that not only
helps students improve their English-speaking skills but also helps them overcome fear of
speaking English in public.
Synthesis
ChatGPT offers many benefits for EFL learners, particularly in improving English
speaking skills, it gives personalized feedback, and has the ability to reduce speaking anxiety
caused by stage fright and its voice features help students in Latin America reach an
independent English-speaking level, especially places where resources are limited but internet
service is needed. Wang and Fan (2025) found that EFL learners that use AI chatbots with
avatars that look like humans, showed more willingness and confidence to communicate while
experiencing less speaking anxiety, compared to those interacting only with teachers and
classmates.
Critical Reflection on Benefits and Limitations
ChatGPT helps students a great deal by being user friendly, by giving immediate
personal feedback, and by making learners feel less nervous when speaking English. However,
students could start to depend too much on ChatGPT and stop practicing with real people,
additionally, teachers should think about important ethical issues, like keeping student
information safe, also making sure that students do not use the tool to cheat “copy and paste’.
Even though ChatGPT is improving at understanding culture, it still has trouble recognizing
small cultural details, this can make it difficult for students to improve English speaking faster.
Practical Integration of ChatGPT in EFL Classrooms
To obtain the most out of ChatGPT for improving the English-speaking skills, teachers
and students need to use its features appropriately, however, using ChatGPT is an easy and
straightforward activity, the following benefits can be obtained from it:
1. Personalized chats: ChatGPT changes its style and level of conversation, depending on
the learner’s level and way of talking, which makes learners feel joyful because it makes
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 908
practices to be fun and be adjusted according to each learner, teachers can ask students to
conversate with ChatGPT and receive instant feedback on grammar, pronunciation, and
fluency.
2. Role-playing: ChatGPT can be used for role-play activities, amazingly, ChatGPT can
talk and assume the role of any person and its voice can be adjusted to be of a man or
woman, ChatGPT can pretend to be a teacher, a waiter, a bank teller, anything that can be
thought of, ChatGPT can personalize it so students can have a fun role-play activity.
3. Instant feedback: One outstanding conversational feature of ChatGPT is that it can give
you instant feedback with kindness, it will point out the areas of improvement but in a
kind manner that it almost feels as if it is not correcting the learner, this makes any
learner feel good and willing to practice again.
4. Homework: Teachers can use GhacGPT to send homework, ChatGPT saves
conversations that learner can ask ChatGPT to put any conversation in a Word,
PowerPoint or Pdf document and give it to the teacher.
5. Group Activities: ChatGPT can be used individually or in small groups, where students
engage in collaborative tasks like debating a topic or solving problems together where
one student interacts with ChatGPT and others can take notes and analyze the AI’s
answers, that can then be discussed with the entire class, in this way, group work and
speaking are encouraged.
6. Cultural Awareness and Contextual Learning: The best feature of ChatGPT is its
conversation feature but it also gives the opportunity where students can learn the cultural
aspects of language, teachers can guide students to ask ChatGPT questions about
customs, idioms, and expressions from English-speaking countries, in this way, cultural
awareness and speaking skills are learnt at the same time.
7. Ethical Use and Responsibility: Teachers must check that students are using ChatGPT
in an ethical manner, this includes using it as a tool for practice to improve their English-
speaking skills not ChatGPT do the homework for them.
8. Assessment: ChatGPT is a tool that facilitates assessment because it saves the activities
of learners, learners or teachers can review the feedback given by ChatGPT and keep a
record and progress of the conversational activities, additionally, ChatGPT can give
suggestions for future activities based on the assessment.
ChatGPT is a tool that could be used by teachers and learners as a virtual tutor and
helper that can do many of the tasks that are time consuming that usually take a long time to do,
such as, writing plannings, homework, tasks, feedback, and assessment and in this way
facilitating the work of the teachers and students and improving their English speaking skills at
the same time.
practices to be fun and be adjusted according to each learner, teachers can ask students to
conversate with ChatGPT and receive instant feedback on grammar, pronunciation, and
fluency.
2. Role-playing: ChatGPT can be used for role-play activities, amazingly, ChatGPT can
talk and assume the role of any person and its voice can be adjusted to be of a man or
woman, ChatGPT can pretend to be a teacher, a waiter, a bank teller, anything that can be
thought of, ChatGPT can personalize it so students can have a fun role-play activity.
3. Instant feedback: One outstanding conversational feature of ChatGPT is that it can give
you instant feedback with kindness, it will point out the areas of improvement but in a
kind manner that it almost feels as if it is not correcting the learner, this makes any
learner feel good and willing to practice again.
4. Homework: Teachers can use GhacGPT to send homework, ChatGPT saves
conversations that learner can ask ChatGPT to put any conversation in a Word,
PowerPoint or Pdf document and give it to the teacher.
5. Group Activities: ChatGPT can be used individually or in small groups, where students
engage in collaborative tasks like debating a topic or solving problems together where
one student interacts with ChatGPT and others can take notes and analyze the AI’s
answers, that can then be discussed with the entire class, in this way, group work and
speaking are encouraged.
6. Cultural Awareness and Contextual Learning: The best feature of ChatGPT is its
conversation feature but it also gives the opportunity where students can learn the cultural
aspects of language, teachers can guide students to ask ChatGPT questions about
customs, idioms, and expressions from English-speaking countries, in this way, cultural
awareness and speaking skills are learnt at the same time.
7. Ethical Use and Responsibility: Teachers must check that students are using ChatGPT
in an ethical manner, this includes using it as a tool for practice to improve their English-
speaking skills not ChatGPT do the homework for them.
8. Assessment: ChatGPT is a tool that facilitates assessment because it saves the activities
of learners, learners or teachers can review the feedback given by ChatGPT and keep a
record and progress of the conversational activities, additionally, ChatGPT can give
suggestions for future activities based on the assessment.
ChatGPT is a tool that could be used by teachers and learners as a virtual tutor and
helper that can do many of the tasks that are time consuming that usually take a long time to do,
such as, writing plannings, homework, tasks, feedback, and assessment and in this way
facilitating the work of the teachers and students and improving their English speaking skills at
the same time.
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 909
Challenges in EFL Speaking Development
While ChatGPT helps improve English speaking, many problems make it difficult for
EFL students in Latin America to improve their speaking skills, one issue is, teachers not having
appropriate training to use technology. Hase and Kuhl (2024) explain that it is very important
for teachers to have digital skills, and being able to understand and use information from digital
learning platforms that help teachers plan better lessons and encourage the learning of students.
Similarly, Matsumura and Hinoki (2025) found that many primary school teachers do not feel
capable about teaching English because they are not up to date with training and support, which
makes them feel less confident and keeps them from teaching English appropriately. In the same
way, Inostroza et al. (2024) explain that English classes in Chilean primary schools are not
excellent because many teachers do not have the proper training and access to quality materials,
which makes students feel less motivated and limits their speaking skills improvement. These
problems make it difficult for teachers to help students improve their English-speaking skills.
Economic problems also affect learning as Luo et al. (2025) found that the income of a
family affects how well their children learn words in their first language and English, and it also
affects how parents help with reading and learning English at home. These negative factors
affect the teaching and learning process of students and teachers.
Another issue is the lack of native English speakers to practice with as Montoya and
Correa (2024) found that language centers in Colombia prefer hiring native English teachers and
pay them more, however, this practice can make it hard for schools with less money to hire
native speakers, limiting students’ opportunities to learn from them. This makes tools like
ChatGPT very useful because they give students a way to practice English speaking skills as if
they were conversing with a native speaker.
Ethical and Cultural Considerations
Klimova et al. (2024) explain that ChatGPT supports personalized learning and gives
instant feedback, helping students improve, however, they also warn that teachers and learners
must carefully consider ethical problems when using this AI tool in language education, like
making sure it is used fairly in class. As mentioned before but it is worthy to reiterate it, ethical
behavior must be encouraged in the use of ChatGPT because it is a tool that can do tasks with a
high level of difficulty in much less time than a person would, for this reason, there can be the
temptation in certain people to over rely on ChatGPT to do all the work for them, teachers must
encourage students to learn steps and procedures to do their homework and avoid shortcuts.
Additionally, ChatGPT is showing to have the capability to recognize very quickly the different
accents and of the learners from different countries in Latin America and the cultural aspects of
each country. However, this is a relatively new tool that is not perfect but is very useful as it is.
Challenges in EFL Speaking Development
While ChatGPT helps improve English speaking, many problems make it difficult for
EFL students in Latin America to improve their speaking skills, one issue is, teachers not having
appropriate training to use technology. Hase and Kuhl (2024) explain that it is very important
for teachers to have digital skills, and being able to understand and use information from digital
learning platforms that help teachers plan better lessons and encourage the learning of students.
Similarly, Matsumura and Hinoki (2025) found that many primary school teachers do not feel
capable about teaching English because they are not up to date with training and support, which
makes them feel less confident and keeps them from teaching English appropriately. In the same
way, Inostroza et al. (2024) explain that English classes in Chilean primary schools are not
excellent because many teachers do not have the proper training and access to quality materials,
which makes students feel less motivated and limits their speaking skills improvement. These
problems make it difficult for teachers to help students improve their English-speaking skills.
Economic problems also affect learning as Luo et al. (2025) found that the income of a
family affects how well their children learn words in their first language and English, and it also
affects how parents help with reading and learning English at home. These negative factors
affect the teaching and learning process of students and teachers.
Another issue is the lack of native English speakers to practice with as Montoya and
Correa (2024) found that language centers in Colombia prefer hiring native English teachers and
pay them more, however, this practice can make it hard for schools with less money to hire
native speakers, limiting students’ opportunities to learn from them. This makes tools like
ChatGPT very useful because they give students a way to practice English speaking skills as if
they were conversing with a native speaker.
Ethical and Cultural Considerations
Klimova et al. (2024) explain that ChatGPT supports personalized learning and gives
instant feedback, helping students improve, however, they also warn that teachers and learners
must carefully consider ethical problems when using this AI tool in language education, like
making sure it is used fairly in class. As mentioned before but it is worthy to reiterate it, ethical
behavior must be encouraged in the use of ChatGPT because it is a tool that can do tasks with a
high level of difficulty in much less time than a person would, for this reason, there can be the
temptation in certain people to over rely on ChatGPT to do all the work for them, teachers must
encourage students to learn steps and procedures to do their homework and avoid shortcuts.
Additionally, ChatGPT is showing to have the capability to recognize very quickly the different
accents and of the learners from different countries in Latin America and the cultural aspects of
each country. However, this is a relatively new tool that is not perfect but is very useful as it is.
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 910
Synthesis
Learning to speak English can be a lengthy process, but ChatGPT makes it easier more
enjoyable and it is practical because all is needed is an inexpensive cellphone and internet, there
are other apps that can also be downloaded with a phone but currently, ChatGPT may be the
best option for practicing English speaking due to its innovative features that can even recognize
the cultural differences of the Latin American countries, ChatGPT can be an outstanding tool if
used responsibly
Final Thoughts on the Section
Speaking English is very important for students learning it as a foreign language in
Latin America, and how ChatGPT can help them improve it, not having enough trained teachers
or opportunities to speak with native English speakers are challenges indicated in this section,
these challenges make ChatGPT a useful an opportune tool, additionally, the need to integrate
culture with English speaking learning and its importance was also underscored in this section.
CONCLUSION
This literature review explores how ChatGPT can help EFL learners in Latin America and
in other countries improve their English-speaking skills, this research found that ChatGPT has
many benefits that learners can use, such as the benefit that ChatGPT has on giving
personalized feedback, another benefit is that ChatGPT can reduce anxiety in students, also, it
can help improve fluency and pronunciation. In addition to this, ChatGPT is useful in all
teaching and learning settings but especially in places where there are not enough teachers that
speak native English, also, it is useful in places where there are not enough teaching and
economic resources.
However, there are challenges that need to be addressed, such as, many teachers do not
have training to use digital tools effectively, tools like ChatGPT, Moreover, there are also the
economic problems, and the lack of native speakers that hinder the improvement of the English-
speaking skills in EFL learners. Another challenge is the need for teachers and students to use
AI tools like ChatGPT in a responsible manner without relying too much on AI tools, students
should avoid asking ChatGPT to do their homework for them, the ethical use of ChatGPT needs
to be inculcated.
Future research should be done on how ChatGPT can help learners at different English
levels according to the Common European Framework of Reference CEFR. Also, future studies
need to be carried out on the long-term impact of ChatGPT on the development of language
skills, and how well it understands Latin American cultures, small nuances and pragmatics.
Synthesis
Learning to speak English can be a lengthy process, but ChatGPT makes it easier more
enjoyable and it is practical because all is needed is an inexpensive cellphone and internet, there
are other apps that can also be downloaded with a phone but currently, ChatGPT may be the
best option for practicing English speaking due to its innovative features that can even recognize
the cultural differences of the Latin American countries, ChatGPT can be an outstanding tool if
used responsibly
Final Thoughts on the Section
Speaking English is very important for students learning it as a foreign language in
Latin America, and how ChatGPT can help them improve it, not having enough trained teachers
or opportunities to speak with native English speakers are challenges indicated in this section,
these challenges make ChatGPT a useful an opportune tool, additionally, the need to integrate
culture with English speaking learning and its importance was also underscored in this section.
CONCLUSION
This literature review explores how ChatGPT can help EFL learners in Latin America and
in other countries improve their English-speaking skills, this research found that ChatGPT has
many benefits that learners can use, such as the benefit that ChatGPT has on giving
personalized feedback, another benefit is that ChatGPT can reduce anxiety in students, also, it
can help improve fluency and pronunciation. In addition to this, ChatGPT is useful in all
teaching and learning settings but especially in places where there are not enough teachers that
speak native English, also, it is useful in places where there are not enough teaching and
economic resources.
However, there are challenges that need to be addressed, such as, many teachers do not
have training to use digital tools effectively, tools like ChatGPT, Moreover, there are also the
economic problems, and the lack of native speakers that hinder the improvement of the English-
speaking skills in EFL learners. Another challenge is the need for teachers and students to use
AI tools like ChatGPT in a responsible manner without relying too much on AI tools, students
should avoid asking ChatGPT to do their homework for them, the ethical use of ChatGPT needs
to be inculcated.
Future research should be done on how ChatGPT can help learners at different English
levels according to the Common European Framework of Reference CEFR. Also, future studies
need to be carried out on the long-term impact of ChatGPT on the development of language
skills, and how well it understands Latin American cultures, small nuances and pragmatics.
Vol. 12/ Núm. 3 2025 pág. 911
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Aldosari, M. S. (2024). Another world with artificial intelligence in speaking classes: To delve
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